B. Pedagogical Contents

 

1.1. Teaching methods of the teacher you observed.

Based on the observations that has been done, the learning approach implemented at Laboratory Science High School (LSH) is student-centered learning. Student-centered learning is a method in which learning is centered around the students, making them the subject of the learning process. Through this method, students are expected to be active participants during the learning activities. The activities provided by teachers vary, adapting to the topic, subject materials, and grade levels.

Every student has different knowledge and learning abilities. Teachers can assess the extent of their prior understanding through trigger questions at the beginning of the learning activities. Teachers also briefly review the topics covered in previous meetings before delving into the core material. Once students can focus and understand the material well, the teacher proceeds to engage in various classroom activities, such as lectures with interactive Q&A sessions, class discussions, group discussions, presentations, and quizzes.

Teachers allow their students to be directly involved in the learning process by giving them opportunities to answer questions and ask questions in front of the class. They not only allow students to raise their hands but also select those who may be quieter than others to check their understanding.

Fig 4. Observation in Junior High School and Senior High School

1.2. The learning materials and innovation

The teacher used books as the main reference in creating lesson plans and teaching materials. To enrich the content to be delivered, the teacher also used several reference books. The teaching materials were tailored to the K-12 curriculum guide. The teaching innovation that the teacher employed involved incorporating quizzes as a part of the motivation process in learning.

1.3. Sources of learning and technology used by the teacher.

The learning resources used by both teachers and students are textbooks. For the 7th grade mathematics subject where I teach, I use the Math Matters K to 12 by Orlando A package book. When explaining, the teacher uses technology in the form of a monitor. With a monitor, power point and video can be displayed on the screen for students to see.

1.4. Authentic assessment used by the teacher.

Based on the observations I have made; the teacher conducts diagnostic assessments and summative assessments. Diagnostic assessment is carried out to determine the depth of students' knowledge of previously taught material (which can be in the form of a quiz). On the other hand, summative assessment is conducted after the material has been taught to test the students' understanding of the material that has been presented. The assessments given consist of exams with the aim of gauging the development of students' competency mastery, learning outcomes, and conceptual understanding.